Monday, November 4, 2013

Kenya charges four men with aiding shopping mall attackers | Top News | Reuters

Kenya charges four men with aiding shopping mall attackers | Top News | Reuters

A Kenyan court charged four Somali men on Monday with terrorist offences for helping al Qaeda-linked militants carry out an attack on a shopping mall in Nairobi that killed 67 people.
Few details have emerged so far about the how the September attack was masterminded or how gunmen held off Kenyan security forces for four days in the Westgate mall. The assault was claimed by the Somali Islamist group al Shabaab.
U.S., British, Israeli and other experts joined Kenyan investigators at the site of the attack, which struck at the heart of east Africa's biggest economy. The West sees Kenya as vital to the regional fight against militant Islam.All the men who appeared in court on Monday were formally charged with "commission of a terrorist act" under Kenya's anti-terrorism laws. Other accusations ranged from providing support and shelter to the gunmen to using false documents.The suspects all pleaded not guilty at the hearing.The men were named as Mohamed Ahmed Abdi, Liban Abdullah Omar and Hussein Hassan, while a fourth was identified as Adan Mohamed Ibrahim, although he was listed as using other aliases.Last month, Kenya named four gunmen who took part in the assault. Al Shabaab said it acted because of Kenya's refusal to withdraw its troops from Somalia where they are part of a African peacekeeping force battling the militants.The court is expected to set a formal date for the start of trial on November 11. The men were remanded in custody until then.(Writing by Edmund Blair; Editing by Richard Lough/Mark Heinrich)

British police launch manhunt for missing terror suspect - BNO News

British police launch manhunt for missing terror suspect - BNO News

British police have launched a manhunt for a Somali-born terror suspect who escaped police surveillance by changing into a burka at a mosque in London, officials said on late Sunday evening, appealing for the public’s help to find the man.
Mohammed Ahmed Mohamed, 27, was under close police surveillance after being placed under a Terrorism Prevention and Investigation Measures (TPIM) notice, which may be imposed on individuals when there is a ‘reasonable belief’ that he or she is or has been involved in terrorism-related activity.
Mohamed is known to have attended the An-Noor Masjid and Community Centre in west London in Western-style clothing at approximately 10 a.m. local time on Friday, and was last seen inside the mosque at 3:15 p.m. He is then believed to have changed into a burka with his face completely covered before leaving the mosque, as was seen on CCTV images.
“The Counter Terrorism Command immediately launched inquiries to trace Mr Mohamed and these continue,” said a spokesman for the Metropolitan Police Service (MPS), which is better known as Scotland Yard. “Ports and borders were notified with his photograph and details circulated nationally. Public safety remains our priority.”
Few details about the suspect were immediately released, and a court lifted an anonymity order on Saturday to allow police to launch a public appeal for help. It was not disclosed why a TPIM notice had been imposed on Mohamed, who is described as a medium build black male and about 5 foot 8 inches (1.72 meters) tall.

Sunday, November 3, 2013

Somalia central bank governor resigns after seven weeks - FT.com

Somalia central bank governor resigns after seven weeks - FT.com

The central bank governor of Somalia has unexpectedly resigned after seven weeks in the job, citing corruption concerns, in a blow to donors who have promised to pour billions of dollars of aid into the failed state.
Yussur Abrar, who was one of the world’s few female central bank governors, was unavailable for comment on Friday.

Donors who support her were frantically trying to reach her on Thursday night. They believe that she sent her resignation letter, dated October 30, from Dubai, before travelling to an unknown destination.

One donor official said Ms Yussur was “scared for her life and so unlikely to return to Somalia”.

In her letter to Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, Somalia’s president, she said: “From the moment I was appointed, I have continuously been asked to sanction deals and violate my fiduciary responsibility to the Somali people as head of the nation’s monetary authority.”

In the strongly worded letter, seen by the Financial Times, Ms Yussur – a former banker at Citigroup who had not lived in Somalia for several decades – said she believed that these deals “put . . . frozen assets at risk and open the door to corruption”.

Somalia is recovering from decades of civil war and also faces an Islamist insurgency from al-Qaeda-linked jihadis who mount regular attacks on the capital and claimed responsibility for the terrorist attack on a Nairobi shopping mall last month.

Donors have pledged billions of dollars to help secure and rebuild Somalia at recent conferences in the hope that it can make good on recent military gains against the militants.

But they fear that the new government – elected last year and seen by analysts as the most representative and promising for years – might repeat the gross corruption seen by its donor-backed predecessors.

A report from a UN investigative panel this year gave warning that the central bank doubled as a corrupt slush fund and said that it failed to account for transfers worth $12m. Ms Yussur said in her letter: “Unfortunately, the central bank has not been allowed to function free of interference, and as such cannot operate as a credible institution.”

A government spokesman insisted on Friday that President Hassan remained committed to reforming institutions in his country. “All he wants is to ensure [that] public finance is managed properly and that there’s no corruption,” he said, adding that Ms Yussur was selected for her “impressive CV on finance”, but had visited Mogadishu for “only a couple of days”.

“For her leaving so early [it] is very sad. She was given the empowerment to reform the central bank and how the system works – most of the systems are manual,” he added.

In her letter, Ms Yussur also said she “vehemently refused to sanction the contract” with Shulman Rogers, a US law firm contracted to recover overseas assets frozen since before the civil war started in 1991. The same company was also hired to discredit the UN allegations of financial mismanagement ahead of a Brussels aid conference at which donors ultimately pledged $2.4bn, in what UN experts said was a conflict of interest. The law firm has previously denied any conflict of interest and said the UN experts made unfounded allegations.

A spokesman for Shulman Rogers defended the firm’s contract with the Somali government on frozen assets.

“The contract is perfectly legal and legitimate and actually quite advantageous to the Somali government; the company only earns a fee if it’s successful in protecting and recovering the frozen assets, and the fee is far below what comparable firms charge in similar circumstances.”

The spokesman said the company was considering publishing the contract but that “it’s not something we’re going to do in haste”.

Somalia central bank governor resigns after seven weeks - FT.com

Somalia central bank governor resigns after seven weeks - FT.com

The central bank governor of Somalia has unexpectedly resigned after seven weeks in the job, citing corruption concerns, in a blow to donors who have promised to pour billions of dollars of aid into the failed state.
Yussur Abrar, who was one of the world’s few female central bank governors, was unavailable for comment on Friday.

Donors who support her were frantically trying to reach her on Thursday night. They believe that she sent her resignation letter, dated October 30, from Dubai, before travelling to an unknown destination.

One donor official said Ms Yussur was “scared for her life and so unlikely to return to Somalia”.

In her letter to Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, Somalia’s president, she said: “From the moment I was appointed, I have continuously been asked to sanction deals and violate my fiduciary responsibility to the Somali people as head of the nation’s monetary authority.”

In the strongly worded letter, seen by the Financial Times, Ms Yussur – a former banker at Citigroup who had not lived in Somalia for several decades – said she believed that these deals “put . . . frozen assets at risk and open the door to corruption”.

Somalia is recovering from decades of civil war and also faces an Islamist insurgency from al-Qaeda-linked jihadis who mount regular attacks on the capital and claimed responsibility for the terrorist attack on a Nairobi shopping mall last month.

Donors have pledged billions of dollars to help secure and rebuild Somalia at recent conferences in the hope that it can make good on recent military gains against the militants.

But they fear that the new government – elected last year and seen by analysts as the most representative and promising for years – might repeat the gross corruption seen by its donor-backed predecessors.

A report from a UN investigative panel this year gave warning that the central bank doubled as a corrupt slush fund and said that it failed to account for transfers worth $12m. Ms Yussur said in her letter: “Unfortunately, the central bank has not been allowed to function free of interference, and as such cannot operate as a credible institution.”

A government spokesman insisted on Friday that President Hassan remained committed to reforming institutions in his country. “All he wants is to ensure [that] public finance is managed properly and that there’s no corruption,” he said, adding that Ms Yussur was selected for her “impressive CV on finance”, but had visited Mogadishu for “only a couple of days”.

“For her leaving so early [it] is very sad. She was given the empowerment to reform the central bank and how the system works – most of the systems are manual,” he added.

In her letter, Ms Yussur also said she “vehemently refused to sanction the contract” with Shulman Rogers, a US law firm contracted to recover overseas assets frozen since before the civil war started in 1991. The same company was also hired to discredit the UN allegations of financial mismanagement ahead of a Brussels aid conference at which donors ultimately pledged $2.4bn, in what UN experts said was a conflict of interest. The law firm has previously denied any conflict of interest and said the UN experts made unfounded allegations.

A spokesman for Shulman Rogers defended the firm’s contract with the Somali government on frozen assets.

“The contract is perfectly legal and legitimate and actually quite advantageous to the Somali government; the company only earns a fee if it’s successful in protecting and recovering the frozen assets, and the fee is far below what comparable firms charge in similar circumstances.”

The spokesman said the company was considering publishing the contract but that “it’s not something we’re going to do in haste”.

Somali actor Barkhad Abdi makes most of his chance in 'Captain Phillips' - latimes.com

Somali actor Barkhad Abdi makes most of his chance in 'Captain Phillips' - latimes.com

Emigré Barkhad Abdi, 27, has received good notices for his improbable screen debut as a ruthless pirate opposite Tom Hanks in 'Captain Phillips.'

Barkhad Abdi is used to finding his way in strange new places: At age 7, he moved with his family from war-torn Somalia to Yemen, where he learned Arabic on the soccer field. At 14, he moved to Minneapolis and learned English from Jay-Z songs and "Seinfeld" episodes.
Now, at 27, Abdi has made himself at home in another new town — Hollywood — by starring opposite Tom Hanks in the film "Captain Phillips." In director Paul Greengrass' fact-based thriller, which opened Friday, Abdi plays Muse, a Somali pirate who hijacks an American cargo ship and takes its captain hostage.
When Greengrass cast him, Abdi was driving a limo in Minneapolis; now his face is ubiquitous on billboards and in TV commercials, and he has appeared on the "Today" show and CNN.
"My Facebook is just going bananas," Abdi said, breaking into a toothy grin during a rest between two recent screenings of the film on the Sony Pictures lot in Culver City. "People all over are telling me they're proud of me. Someone said to me, 'You put Somalia back on the map.'"
The tale of Abdi's life is as improbable as any Hollywood movie. The son of a teacher in Mogadishu, Abdi was on the verge of starting elementary school when the Somali civil war broke out in 1991.
"Everything changed," said Abdi, who is one of four children. "At night, me and my brother would sleep to the gunshots. We would name the guns. And there was this lady that would be raped, very loud.... You would hear that lady every night, 'Someone help me,' she's screaming."
Abdi's family fled to Yemen during the night when he was 7, and though they left the violence of Somalia behind, they also left the comforts of their community.
"Mostly black kids don't go to school in Yemen," Abdi said. "They're poor people there. In Somalia, everybody was my family, neighbors.... Now all of a sudden I'm an outsider."
When he was 14, Abdi's family won a U.S. greencard lottery and moved to Minneapolis, where a Somali immigrant community was growing rapidly. Today, more than 14,000 Somalis live in the city, but transition to the American Midwest was a challenge.
"It's just human nature that people don't like something different," Abdi said. "When the Somali people started coming to Minneapolis, some of the African American community saw them as a threat. But most Somali kids, we don't fight. So when people would start, we just...." Abdi shrugged.
After high school, Abdi worked at Target. He was working as a chauffeur when he saw a report on the local news that a casting director for a Tom Hanks movie was coming to Minneapolis looking for Somali actors. Abdi was familiar with the story of the hijacking, which he had followed in news reports when it happened in 2009.
"Some Somali people were saying this movie would embarrass the Somali people," Abdi said. "Before I went to the casting, there was that kind of talk. But to me it was an opportunity. I had to try it and give it a chance."
At the audition, Abdi ran into friends — Faysal Ahmed, Mahat M. Ali and Barkhad Abdirahman — and they decided to rehearse together. The foursome worked for a week on a key scene where the pirates first storm the bridge of the cargo ship. After making it through multiple callbacks in Minneapolis, they traveled to Los Angeles to meet with casting director Francine Maisler and Greengrass.
"Barkhad just had a great charisma and a sense of menace," Greengrass said. "But also something sort of different, some sort of humanity in there too. You feel him in all his violence but also his desperation, and that's good."
Abdi and his friends also had a physical attribute that would have been difficult for many American-born actors to match — their incredible leanness. He is 5-foot-10 and 120 pounds. "I'm naturally like this," Abdi said. "I eat whatever. Burgers, pasta, rice."
Cast as a group, the four young men journeyed to the set in Malta to learn how to handle the boats and guns they would be using in the film. Abdi, who didn't know how to swim, learned to balance on an unstable pirate skiff in choppy waters and to climb a ladder up a swaying cargo ship.
Greengrass deliberately kept the Somali actors apart from Hanks to improve their performances, he said.
"I didn't want them to be intimidated by him, and I didn't want them to be nice to him," Greengrass said. "I wanted them to be absolutely ruthlessly committed to what they were doing, which is an armed takeover of a container ship."
Abdi, who had grown up watching Hanks' movies, suffered his first bout of nerves the night before they were to shoot the storming-of-the-bridge scene.
"We were all excited to see Tom," Abdi said. "Then I realized the weight of it. I couldn't sleep much that night thinking about it.... I said to myself, 'OK, it all comes down to this. I'm the captain now.' After we shot I thought, 'I can't believe I'm doing a scene with the 'Forrest Gump' guy.'"
A Greengrass movie may be an ideal set for a first-time actor. The director of such films as "United 93" and "The Bourne Ultimatum" relies on techniques he learned in the unrehearsed world of documentaries. Actors don't have to hit marks in Greengrass movies — cameras follow the performers, and natural-sounding dialogue is encouraged over perfect line readings.
"Barkhad's timing was almost antithetical to the pretend aspect of making a movie," Hanks said. "He took his own timing. He didn't say his line right on the cue. There was no such thing as a cue. It was as grand and extraordinary and as natural as anything I've ever done in films before."
Abdi said he related to his character's struggle in the film — though Muse's path was one of violence, he was trying to improve his lot in life.
"My parents took me out of there, but what if they didn't?" Abdi said. "I would be stuck in Somalia. I'm sure I wouldn't be the same person. I see the desperation of this guy. He must do a lot of stuff to get that one chance, and once he's got that chance, he can't give it up."
Since the movie wrapped, Abdi has traveled to the New York Film Festival and participated in Q&As and other publicity for the film. He has said he would like to get an agent and continue acting.
In the meantime, he's basking in warm comments from film critics, who have praised his intensity, and from Somalis around the world who have seen the film.
"[Barkhad's story] is a most wonderful story about Somalia, but it's also a most wonderful story about America," Greengrass said. "We see so many horrendous things in the world, but there are stories of hope all around."
rebecca.keegan@latimes.com

Somalia-born actor tipped for Westgate movie

Somalia-born actor tipped for Westgate movie

The Somali-American actor tipped for an Oscar (best supporting actor category) for his strong performance in “Captain Phillips” “oozes evil and is the right bad guy” to star in a future film about the Westgate attack, one film critic told the Sunday Nation in a telephone interview from New York.


Tom Hanks, the lead actor, is widely believed to have delivered a career-best performance and could win an Oscar in the best actor category in early 2014, if the pundits are to be believed.
In the film, Barkhad Abdi, 27, plays Abdiweli Abdiqadir Muse, the ruthless leader of the Somali pirate gang that hijacked US container ship Maersk Alabama off the Somali coast in 2009.
The gripping documentary-style drama by British film director Paul Greengrass has been widely acclaimed as one of the best films of 2013.
Barkhad’s powerful and visceral performance – lauded by critics as method-acting at its best – is compelling stuff that dramatises the desperation and hopelessness that drives young Somali men to join pirate gangs.
His unscripted chilling line – “I am now the captain” – delivered in a menacing tone when the pirates stormed the captain’s cabin is one of the film’s best spoken scenes.
“What I love about what Barkhad and the other guys did is they show that ferocity,” Greengrass told the film review magazine The Grio.
“These are hoodlums … but of course they come from the desperate parts of the world. What I think Barkhad has also given you is the desperation of these guys, and that’s what makes them dangerous. It’s the oldest story in the world. If you’ve got nothing to lose, you know, then that man is a dangerous man.”
RISE TO STARDOM
The tale of the humble Somali-American youngster’s rise to stardom is in itself dramatic and the subject of great media interest since the premier of “Captain Phillips”.
Barkhad is a first-time actor who before starring in “Captain Phillips”, was a limo driver in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the mid-western state where more than 50,000 Somali immigrants have settled.
His lucky break and entry into the glitzy world of Hollywood came one afternoon when he saw an advertisement on a local TV station calling on Somalis interested in a film role to apply.
“I and three friends of mine applied – half in jest and not out of any seriousness. We had no acting experience. We actually forgot about it immediately,” Barkhad told a local Somali radio station.
One day while driving, Barkhad received a phone call from the “Captain Phillips” casting director inviting him to an audition.
“We were about 40 young men, and I never thought I had a chance,” he said.
But he did have more than a chance. He actually landed the role of Taliye (Commander) Muse, the leader of the pirate gang.
The casting team were impressed by his good linguistic skills and natural ability to transform himself into a ruthless character.
“I and a number of others, all of us first-time actors, were taken to Los Angeles where we underwent nearly two months of intense training.
We learnt all the pirate craft skills,” he said laughing.
Barkhad did not know how to swim or handle firearms. He was taught to swim, to operate skiffs, and how to storm ships.
Acting and memorising his lines proved a tough challenge for the budding actor at first, but coaching by Tom Hanks was a great help.
Barkhad grew up in Mogadishu during the civil war where he watched films in ramshackle public video kiosks. Ironically his screen hero and idol was Tom Hanks.
“I was intimidated at first to encounter a man whose acting I loved and whose films I had watched in the backstreet alleys of Mogadishu as a young boy and as a refugee in Yemen,’’ he said. “Tom was extremely supportive, down to earth and very encouraging. We quickly formed an excellent working relationship.”

Piracy ransoms amount to more than $339m over seven-year period: UN

Piracy ransoms amount to more than $339m over seven-year period: UN

Pirates off the coast of Somalia and the Horn of Africa have made between $339 million and $413 million from 2005 to 2012 in ransom profits, fuelling a wide range of criminal activities on a global scale, according to a new United Nations-backed report.
Pirate Trails, produced by the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), the World Bank and INTERPOL, uses data and evidence from interviews with former pirates, Government officials, bankers and others involved in countering piracy, to investigate the glow of ransom money paid out to Somali pirates operating in the Indian Ocean.
“The vast amounts of money collected by pirates, and the fact that they have faced virtually no constraint in moving and using their assets has allowed them not only to thrive, but also to develop their capacities on land,” said the Chief of the Implementation Support Section in the Organized Crime and Illicit Trafficking Branch at UNODC, Tofik Murshudlu.
“These criminal groups and their assets will continue to pose a threat to the stability and security of the Horn of Africa unless long-term structural solutions are implemented to impede their current freedom of movement.”
Piracy costs the global economy about $18 billion a year in increased trade costs. Because the outbreak of piracy has reduced maritime activity around the Horn of Africa, East African countries have suffered a significant decline in tourist arrivals and fishing yields since 2006. “Unchallenged piracy is not only a menace to stability and security, but it also has the power to corrupt the regional and international economy,” said Stuart Yikona, a World Bank Senior Financial Sector Specialist and the report’s co-author.
The report found that ransom money was invested in criminal activities, such as arms trafficking, funding militias, migrant smuggling and human trafficking, and was used to further finance piracy activities. Piracy profits are also laundered through the trade of ‘khat,’ a herbal stimulant, where it is not monitored and is therefore the most vulnerable to illicit international flows of money.
The report, which focused on Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, the Seychelles, and Somalia, also analyzed the investments made by a sample of 59 pirate ‘financiers’ to reveal the range of sectors – including both legitimate businesses and criminal ventures – that were funded by the ransom money. It found that between 30 per cent and 75 per cent of the ransom money ends up with these financiers, while the pirate ‘foot soldiers’ aboard the ships receive just a fraction of the proceeds, amounting to less than 0.1 per cent of the total.